The installation requirements and standards of motors mainly involve the installation environment, installation location, installation base, etc. Only by installing it strictly following the requirements of motor standards can the normal operation of the motor be ensured and the service life of the motor extended.

1. Ambient temperature: -20-50℃ (no icing). If the temperature is too high or too low, it will affect the normal operation of the motor and even cause the motor to overheat and age.

2. Ambient humidity: below 85% (no knots), otherwise water vapor may appear inside the motor, thus affecting the normal operation of the motor.

3. Good ventilation: The installation location of the motor should fully consider the air circulation, and well-ventilated areas are more suitable for using the motor.

4. No corrosive gas: There should be no corrosive or oxidizing gases such as acid, alkali, etc. where the motor is installed.

5. The motor installation position must be stable, without shaking or looseness, to avoid abnormal noise and stop when the motor is running.

6. The installation of the motor base must comply with the motor specifications, the base size must match the motor size. The base load-bearing capacity must meet the motor's usage requirements and can withstand the vibration and impact generated when the motor is running.

Please note: In a sealed environment such as a control panel or near a heating element, the ambient temperature will rise. When installing the motor, be sure to set ventilation holes and pay attention to the increase in ambient temperature. Do not install it near a vibration source or in a place where vibration can easily affect the motor.

Temperature rise in a motor is the difference in temperature between the motor and its environment, caused by the heat generated during its operation. Within the motor, there are components like the iron core and the skeleton. Iron losses occur due to the initial alternating magnetic field in the iron core during operation. When the skeleton is energized, it experiences copper losses. Additionally, there are stray losses, which manifest as heat. These factors collectively contribute to the motor's temperature increase, affecting its efficiency.

The insulation level of a motor pertains to the heat resistance of the insulation materials used, typically categorized into A, E, B, F, H, and C levels. The allowable temperature rise refers to how much the motor's temperature can increase relative to the ambient temperature. Insulating materials are crucial components, especially those that must withstand high temperatures. Different insulating materials exhibit varying heat resistance properties, impacting the motor's performance.

Insulation temperature class A E B F H C

Maximum allowable temperature (℃) 105 120 130 155 180 220

Skeleton temperature rise limit (K) 60 75 80 100 125 150

Generally, stepper motors are equipped with Class B insulation, which means the internal temperature should not exceed 130 degrees Celsius. Considering that the normal temperature is within 40 degrees, the surface temperature is kept below 90 degrees. (Therefore, for most stepper motors, a surface temperature of 60 degrees is considered normal.)

In high-temperature environments, it's advisable to use high-temperature-resistant stepper motors, such as Class H. When selecting materials like enameled wire, skeleton, magnets, bearings, grease, and end caps, it's essential to ensure they can withstand the maximum temperature required.

>>  Enameled wire plays a critical role in high-temperature environments, as its heat resistance directly impacts safety. Ordinary-grade enameled wire softens or melts under high temperatures, potentially damaging the motor. 
>>  Magnets are another essential component, and their heat resistance indirectly affects motor performance. As temperature rises, a magnet's magnetic force weakens, leading to reduced torque. Selecting high-temperature-resistant magnets can prevent demagnetization, ensuring stable torque output.
>>  The wire frame, used to wind coils and support the motor stator, is typically made of plastic. Using high-temperature-resistant materials for the wire frame is crucial to prevent deformation and extend its service life.

If you have more requirements for the stepper motors' temperature, please contact us for customization.

To select the ideal stepper motor for your application, it's crucial to grasp fundamental parameters and their meanings, such as holding torque, driving voltage, current, number of phases, flange size, motor length, shaft length, and wiring method. Additionally, consider the motor's operating environment, including factors like ambient temperature and humidity.

Holding torque 

Holding torque represents the torque required to move a stepper motor one full step while the windings are energized and the rotor remains stationary. Choosing an appropriate motor model often depends on the required torque.

Torque frequency characteristics
Torque frequency characteristics describe the relationship between stepper motor speed and input voltage frequency. With consistent voltage and magnetic flux conditions, as the frequency increases, the motor's speed also rises. However, the motor's output torque decreases as speed increases. At low speeds (a few hundred revolutions per minute or lower), stepper motors offer relatively high torque, close to the holding torque. As speed exceeds 1000 rpm, torque diminishes significantly. Consequently, it's advisable to maintain stepper motor speeds between 300 to 600 revolutions per minute for most applications. High-speed motor requirements necessitate careful consideration of factors like driving voltage, coil resistance, and inductance.

Phase
The number of phases in a stepper motor refers to the quantity of coils within it, typically categorized as two phases, three phases, or five phases. These phases offer step angles of 0.9° or 1.8° for two-phase motors, 1.2° for three-phase motors, and 0.72° for five-phase motors. Smaller step angles lead to smoother motor operation, making two-phase motors the more commonly used option.

Usage environment
Consider the specific operating conditions of your stepper motor. Specialized high-temperature, humid, underwater, or waterproof motors may be required for challenging environments.

Customized services
If your application demands specific parameters like output shaft length, flat position, diameter, and wire sequence, reach out to our sales engineers for tailored stepper motor solutions.